Eye Contact Free Essays

Most of us would not readily think that eye contact had anything to do with language, or a person’s culture. While researching a topic for this paper I came across an article on cultural differences that contained a section about eye contact. I found it to be very telling, as to the reasons for either the lack of, or the reasons for eye contact. We will write a custom essay sample on Eye Contact or any similar topic only for you Order Now The article of reference is â€Å"Cultural Differences? Or, Are we really that different? † ( Gregorio Billikoph). This article discusses the differences in cultures, or the different ways in which these cultures relate to others, and how some words or expressions may not make sense to another culture. One example of this is using the phrase â€Å"thank you†. In the U. S. , we thank everyone for just about everything we do, but in the Chinese culture, for example, will only thank someone if the task being preformed is something very important. Although this article touches on a variety of cultural differences, I found the idea of eye contact very interesting. In this article the writer, who is of Hispanic origin, talks about his own strong need for eye contact. He explains that his wife has come to realize that when he is talking to her, she needs to stop what she is doing and make eye contact with him, or he will stop talking until she does. He goes on to say that poor eye contact is â€Å"partially due to shyness or how sake a person feels around others† (pg 5). As I stated in the beginning, eye contact may not seem to be part of our language. On this I would have to disagree, because I think without eye contact, communication is very difficult. Consider this; you are having a conversation with someone who speaks English only as a second language, and has some difficulty with some phrases. While talking to this person, he or she is looking anywhere but at you, do you think this person fully understands what you are saying, or are they feeling embarrassed because they are having difficulty understanding you? If you and this person were talking and maintaining eye contact, you would be able to see by your companion’s expressions whether or not you were being understood. There are of course other reasons for lack of eye contact. Some may feel that they are inferior to you, or they may be shy or withdrawn. I have been in situations where eye contact made me very uncomfortable. For me, there are those whose eye contact is so intense, I am forced to look away for a bit because it makes me feel violated, like they are looking too deep into me. Then there are those times when talking to a man, where I feel they are trying to attract my attention to them for different reasons I am not interested in. I believe that eye contact is important, but it seems to me that times have changed in that area to some extent. Why? Again it comes down to how your eye contact is perceived. I have been in situations when talking to someone of the opposite sex, and their wife or girlfriend gets the idea that I am interested in their man because of eye contact. I also had the issue with my ex-husband. He did not like me talking to other men period, because he felt that my eye contact with them meant that I was interested in them. It is very difficult to avoid all eye contact when talking to others, so I was always uncomfortable talking to men when in the presence of my ex- husband. I think that when it comes to eye contact in any culture. Or when dealing with anyone in general, we need to be aware of how that eye contact will be perceived by others. We all need to educate ourselves as much as possible, regarding cultural differences in order to help avoid some of the negative effects our actions could cause. How to cite Eye Contact, Essay examples

Exploring Parent Child Relationship

Question: Discuss about theExploring Parent Child Relationship. Answer: Introduction This essay explores the theme of parent-child relationship, as depicted in the two short stories, Royal Beatings by Alice Munro and the Great Falls by Richard Ford. The assignment examines the role played by parents in the upbringing of their child and the ways in which a disturbed relationship between parent and child influences their childhood and also their overall growth and development. Parent-child relationship refers to the enduring and unique bond that exists between a caregiver and her or his child (Hopkins). According to theorists, parent-child relationship determines an individuals psychological development. Similarly, according to Erik Erikson, when the parents fulfil a childs basic needs, he or she grows into a trusting adult (Sangawi et al.). Moreover, according to Diana Baumrind there are three distinct styles of parenting, namely, authoritarian, authoritative and permissive. However, there is also a fourth, style of parenting, that is, neglectful, which was later added to Baumrinds theory (Baumrind). Neglectful parenting is the one where the parents are not at all involved with their children. They lack parental affection and fail to fulfil the needs of their child. Children from such families face emotional, mental and even physical stress, which affects their growth and development. The short story, Royal Beatings deals with a disturbed and conflicting mother-daughter relationship. The daughter, Rose, is physically and verbally abused by her stepmother, Flo, on a daily basis and this has become a kind of a ritual to which Rose has become immune. Instead of showing aggression she keeps waiting for her stepmother to start the royal beatings, as Flo calls it. During these moments of anger, Flo always throws at Rose a query relating to her identity, by questioning who do you think you are?, this constant query acts as a guiding force which helps Rose to explore and establish her self-identity in the end (Guides, Study and Royal Beatings). Moreover, Flo also tries to play the role of a benefactor by providing Rose with rare treats, after the ritualistic and violent beatings; but Roses refusal to accept those treats again highlight the underlying power struggle between the mother and daughter. Rose does not want to succumb to her stepmothers faked kindness and accept defeat, but at the end, she has to accept those treats and thus she loses in the power struggle. However, in the end, Rose establishes her identity and successfully answers her stepmothers question, by acting as a caregiver and admitting Flo in a nursing home. Here also Flo refuses her daughters help in order to remain victorious in the power struggle with her daughter. Thus, the story presents an ever-conflicting mother-daughter relationship. Similarly, to Royal Beatings, the short story Great Falls, also deals with the disturbed relationship between parents and son. In this story the marital conflict between husband and wife, ultimately affects the emotional and mental growth of their son, Jackie, who plays the role of an audience witnessing the constant conflict between his mother and father. Here, Jackie witnesses his mothers infidelity and her subsequent departure, and this incident makes him feel detached and disassociated from his parents ("Literary Analysis: Great Falls By Richard Ford (Short Story)"). The bonding between the father and son is also not a happy one. The father has failed to prove himself as a good husband, which has left the the mother broken hearted and alone in her home. On the other hand, his mothers affair with a much younger man, almost the age of Jackie, makes him abruptly confront his own sexuality, and he tries desperately to understand the issue of gender and sexuality of which he was unawa re until now (Arnett). At this stage, Jackie began to feel alone and separated from his parents. His mothers departure has already created a vacuum in his life and at the same time, his relation with his father has also started deteriorating, as he failed to prevent his mother from leaving and has thus become emasculated. Jackie is left alone with his father and though they are together physically, both of them have become solitary. In spite of the fact that his parents are alive, they have died as parental figures, becoming man and woman, and not father and mother. There is no longer any parental authority present and Jackie thus becomes acquainted with his independence and adulthood. Thus it can be concluded by saying that a harmonious parent-child relationship depends on the much needed affection and guidance provided by the parents in order to nurture their child both physically and mentally. As discussed above Neglectful parenting ultimately leads to a conflicting and disturbed family environment and children belonging to such families faces numerous obstacles in their further emotional and mental development. References: Hopkins, Justin S.Parenting Styles and Psychological Well-being in African American Adolescents. Diss. Regent University, 2015. Sangawi, Hoshiar, John Adams, and Nadja Reissland. "The effects of parenting styles on behavioral problems in primary school children: a cross-cultural review."Asian social science.11.22 (2015): 171-186. Arnett, Jeffrey Jensen.Adolescence and emerging adulthood. New York, NY, USA:: Pearson Education Limited, 2014. Baumrind, Diana. "Parenting styles and adolescent development."The encyclopedia of adolescence2 (1991): 746-758. "Literary Analysis: Great Falls By Richard Ford (Short Story)". Letterpile, 2017, https://letterpile.com/writing/Literary-Analysis-Great-Falls-by-Richard-Ford. Guides, Study and Royal Beatings. "Royal Beatings Style And Technique - Enotes.Com". Enotes, 2017, https://www.enotes.com/topics/royal-beatings/in-depth. eker, Ebru. "Identity Formation and the Clash between." Curley, Andrew. "The Gendered Gothic: Haunting the Angels in the House." Hong, Seung Hyun. "Doris Lessing's To Room Nineteen: A Materialist-Feminist Reading of Woman's Oppression." Kaufman, Michael. "Men, feminism, and mens contradictory experiences of power."Theorizing masculinities(1994): 142-163. Rothman, Barbara Katz. "Beyond mothers and fathers: Ideology in a patriarchal society."Mothering: Ideology, experience, and agency(1994): 139-157. Scarrone, Mary. "Literary Analysis (ENG 220) An Alternate Diagnosis in The Yellow Wallpaper Dr. Fox April 20, 2016." (2016). "To Room Nineteen Summary | Supersummary". Supersummary, 2017, https://www.supersummary.com/to-room-nineteen/summary/.

Summary of people of gilded age Essay Example For Students

Summary of people of gilded age Essay After the Civil War had ended, several soldiers had returned home to find their places of living destroyed. Most of these people returned to practically nothing. The United States had to rebuild itself, and this rebuilding was called Reconstruction. Today historians refer to this era of reconstruction as the part of the Gilded Age. Many people had to pickup and start all over again, while others continued their quests of expanding. Expanding by taking control over the land or by expanding their beliefs, either way lives of these people reflected the social tensions of the Gilded Age. Philip H. Sheridan, who was one of the heroes of the Civil War, was a soldier who had started his career on the frontier and would return there after the war to help the United States in expanding its territory by having to combat many Native Americans in doing so. Sheridan was an extremely important person who helped conquer the frontier. Sheridan believed in the freeing of black slaves, and decided that he would help protect the blacks now that they were free. He expresses his opinion about what is done to black people in Texas by commenting that the black codes are a policy of gross injustice toward the colored people on the part of the courts, and a reign of lawlessness and disorder ensued. We will write a custom essay on Summary of people of gilded age specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now (10) Sheridans defense of the black cause much tension in his life, in Texas, that he was later reassigned to command the Department of the Missouri. (11) In 1869 when Grant had became President; he appointed Sheridan lieutenant governor and command of the Division of Missouri. Sheridans past on tactics for attacking the Indians made him the best man for the job in defending the western frontier. Much of Sheridans life involved being enrolled in the army and defending the frontier. He is also known for the quote The only good Indian is a dead Indian, which he became synonymous with. (13) Sheridans life practically evolved around the Indian warfare and the tensions that surrounded it. His ethics and tactics of Indian warfare were often questioned, leaving him to defend himself against his critics quite often. Another lifestyle that had taken on the challenges of living a successful life was that of being a doctor. Susan LaFleshe Picotte was one of these doctors; but for Susan to be a successful doctor, she had to overcome many more obstacles than other people did. As you see, becoming a doctor is one difficult task at hand, but being a woman who was Indian was another. Susan was a Siouan-speaking Omaha, who had migrated to Nebraska because of the Indian Removal Act of 1830. (24) Susans life was different than the rest of the people in her tribe; she was one of the firsts not to have any piercing or any tattoos as Indians did back then. One other unique characteristic of Susan was that she wanted to continue her education to eventually become a physician. So on October 12, 1850 Susan was accepted to the Womans Medical College of Pennsylvania. (26) She finished her schooling and soon became the physician of her old reservation. Susan did anything she could to help her patients, including going house to house from sunrise to sunset providing care for her patients. Susan was up to her knees in patients and was taking care of all of the 1,244 tribal members on the reservation. (28) She was an extremely hard working woman of this age. Susan had to deal with other problems other than medicinal purposes. She had to deal with the fact that her tribe was constrained to its reservation. Susan also had to overcome the tensions at home and on the reservation with liquor, for she believed that it was one of the leading causes of death even before her husband succumbed to the effects. (32) Susan became politically involved and helped her tribe as much as possible, it must had been very difficult for someone of her stature to be looked at differently for her race and not for who she was. Sarah Christie Stevens was another woman who had to overcome adversity and survive in a mans world. Sarah .

Free Essays on Serbs In Croatia

Media Review: Documentary; Death of Nation: Yugoslavia Serbs in Croatia (Ethnical and Cultural Problem) Introduction Modern societies are mostly stratified through the aspects of religion, race and ethnicity. Most of us would immediately associate terms of biological traits as the most important factors that are used for ethnic and nation identification. One of the main tasks of this paper is to explain and to support notion that ethnicity, nationality are and always will be socially and culturally constructed. It is important to say that question of political, economical and ideological power will also be included in the discussion as very important element that takes and gives social space to the development of nations and ethnic groups. Education, religion, language and history are elements that are used and exercised through the power and they can be recognize as sources of the power on their own. Following the anthropological definition on ethnicity; main factors that symbolize and represent ethnicity are religious belief, language and culture. BBC documentary â€Å"Death of Yugoslavia†, produced by Brian Lapping as well as several other written sources will be reviewed in order to give us better understanding how ethnicity and nationality are developed and influenced through the different time periods (Lapping, 1995). Some general information Balkan region with its historical, ethnic and cultural and political complexity was always interesting and rich area for every aspect of the cultural and ethnic research. Clash of the east and west Civilizations, cultural heterogeneity, mixture of Christianity and Islam and many other different cultural aspects have to be considered in order to get full understanding of situation. The BBC documentary is very analytical and systematic project that includes and explains most important historical events that happened during and before the last civil war i... Free Essays on Serbs In Croatia Free Essays on Serbs In Croatia Media Review: Documentary; Death of Nation: Yugoslavia Serbs in Croatia (Ethnical and Cultural Problem) Introduction Modern societies are mostly stratified through the aspects of religion, race and ethnicity. Most of us would immediately associate terms of biological traits as the most important factors that are used for ethnic and nation identification. One of the main tasks of this paper is to explain and to support notion that ethnicity, nationality are and always will be socially and culturally constructed. It is important to say that question of political, economical and ideological power will also be included in the discussion as very important element that takes and gives social space to the development of nations and ethnic groups. Education, religion, language and history are elements that are used and exercised through the power and they can be recognize as sources of the power on their own. Following the anthropological definition on ethnicity; main factors that symbolize and represent ethnicity are religious belief, language and culture. BBC documentary â€Å"Death of Yugoslavia†, produced by Brian Lapping as well as several other written sources will be reviewed in order to give us better understanding how ethnicity and nationality are developed and influenced through the different time periods (Lapping, 1995). Some general information Balkan region with its historical, ethnic and cultural and political complexity was always interesting and rich area for every aspect of the cultural and ethnic research. Clash of the east and west Civilizations, cultural heterogeneity, mixture of Christianity and Islam and many other different cultural aspects have to be considered in order to get full understanding of situation. The BBC documentary is very analytical and systematic project that includes and explains most important historical events that happened during and before the last civil war i...

Comparing between the article and the theory Essay

Comparing between the article and the theory - Essay Example These countries include US, Denmark, Canada, Finland, Norway, Russia, Iceland and Sweden (Tromso par. 1). The Arctic region is rich with natural gases and oils. The countries in the Artic Council have cooperated in missions, which would be costly for nations to embark on their own (Tromso par. 6). Such missions include joint search and rescue missions, and scientific researches. This situation is described in the Realism topic from the article on the ‘Theoretical Foundations on Global Governance’. According to the article, realists are entities, which act in a unitary manner to pursue their national interest. The various countries interested in the Arctic region can be termed as realists, since they have come together to form a union and a collaboration that will enrich their individual states. Tromso’s article talks of other countries such as Singapore, Italy, Japan, India and China that want to hold crucial positions in the Arctic Council. Singapore especially has applied for a position as a permanent observer, yet it is situated at the Equator (Tromso par. 1). Additionally, fears are that the economic progress at Artic could result to an oil spill, which could pollute the Artic environment for years. This situation is comparable to the topic on collective or public goods theory from the article on the ‘Theoretical foundations of global governance’. The collective or public goods theory is effectively described by the ‘tragedy of the commons’ by Garrett Hardin who talks of a faction of herders who share a common grazing area. The desire by the herders to increase their livestock led to depletion of the grass and eventually they all lost in the end. Conclusively, Tromso quotes some book titles such as ‘Scramble for the Artic’ and talks of the boundary conflicts between Canada and America over Beaufort Sea (Tromso par

Infant Mortality in African American Group Essay

Infant Mortality in African American Group - Essay Example This finding means that the effect of prenatal care against no prenatal care on infant mortality rates within the first year of life is not different in African American women who have delivered live infants (Minnesota Department of Health, 2013).A study done by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013) revealed that infant mortality has reduced in the United States because of the decline in neonatal deaths associated with low birth weight. The report states that prenatal smoking contributes to low birth weight that in turn leads to increased infant mortality. No matter the group involved, the report observes that intensive prenatal care helps to reduce infant mortality rates (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013).Abusalah (2012) agrees with the above study by stating that low birth weight is a critical factor related to infant mortality rates. Pollution from things such as smoking of various tobacco products and exposure to wood fuel smoke causes many women to gi ve birth to low weight infants whose life is at risk especially during their first year of life. As such, Abusalah (2012) states, â€Å"Health professionals who provide prenatal care have a critical role to play in raising awareness of harms from environmental smoke exposure, especially in low income communities† (Abusalah, 2012).   This shows that prenatal care goes a long way in helping reduce infant mortality. Therefore, African American mothers who are provided with better prenatal care could experience lower infant mortality.

Why extrinsic reward systems may not work well in some organizations Assignment

Why extrinsic reward systems may not work well in some organizations - Assignment Example That need hierarchies can differ between organizations, cultures, and indeed, among individuals within the same organization and therefore should not be overlooked by a manager. Rewards must be examined and analyzed in terms of according the right motivation to the employees depending on their needs that majority of the personnel exhibit in the organization. Rewards consist of two types: the intrinsic (personal) and the extrinsic (material). According to the Business Dictionary, an intrinsic reward is an â€Å"outcome that gives an individual internal (personal) satisfaction such as that derived from a job well done† (Business Dictionary, 2010, par. 1). On the other hand, an extrinsic reward means â€Å"common, routine, or known-reward which, because it was expected by the recipient employee, does not lead to his or her greater satisfaction; these are analogous to hygiene factors† (Business Dictionary, 2010, par. 1). Some organizations do not provide incentives that would address to satisfy material needs or lower level needs of the employees (hygiene factors) because while Maslow’s theory suggests that all needs are motivators so long as they remain unsatisfied, in Herzberg’s scheme, only higher-order needs are motivators. In this regard, organizations tend to focus on giving intrinsic rewards such as recognition, advancement, achievement and responsibility that is perceived to be intrinsically rewarding to majority of their personnel in the long